# Soil mechanics and foundation Engineering its application

Soil mechanics and foundation  Engineering, soil mechanics or geotechnique is one of the youngest disciplines of civil engineering involving the study of soil, its behaviour and application as an engineering material. The term ‘Soil Engineering’ is currently used to cover a much wider scope implying that it is a practical science rather than a purely fundamental or mathematical one. Good soil engineering embodies the use of the best practices in exploration, testing, design and construction control, in addition to the basic idealised theories. The field of Soil Mechanics and foundation is very vast. The civil engineer has many diverse and important encounters with soil. Apart from testing and classification of various types of soils in order to know its physical properties, the knowledge of soil mechanics and foundation  is particularly helpful in the designs of foundations, rigid and flexible pavements, underground and earth retaining structures, embankments, and excavations, and earth dams

Soil Engineering, soil mechanics  and foundation or geotechnique is one of the youngest disciplines of civil engineering involving the study of soil, its behaviour and application as an engineering material. The term ‘Soil Engineering’ is currently used to cover a much wider scope implying that it is a practical science rather than a purely fundamental or mathematical one. Good soil engineering embodies the use of the best practices in exploration, testing, design and construction control, in addition to the basic idealised theories.

## Density Index and relative compaction

Learn Density Index, relative compaction, density index and void ratio relationship,charectristics of granular soils in dense and loose states,Relative density Density Index The term density index ID or relative density or degree of density is used to express the relative compactness (or degree of compaction) of a natural cohesionless soil deposit. The density index is …

## Voids ratio porosity degree of saturation

Learn voids ratio, porosity, degree of saturation, percentage air voids, Air content Voids ratio. Voids ratio e of a given soil sample is the ratio of the volume of voids to the volume of soil solids in the given soil mass. $e= \frac{V_{v}}{V_{s}}$ Porosity. The porosity n of a given soil sample is the ratio …

## Absolute or true specific gravity

Learn specific gravity, Absolute or true specific gravity, Table of specific gravity of soil constituent Specific gravity  Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the weight of a given volume of soil solids at a given temperature to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at that temperature, both weights being taken in …

## unit weight of soil, bulk unit weight, dry unit weight, unit weight of solids

Learn unit weight of soil, bulk unit weight, dry unit weight, unit weight of solids, unit weight Unit weight of soil The unit weight of a soil mass is defined as its weight per unit volume. Bulk unit weight. The bulk weight or moist unit weight is the total weight W of a soil mass …

## Density of soil solids

Learn Density of soil, density of soil formula, density of soil definition, density of soil meaning, density of soil solids, bulk density, dry density, density of solids, saturated density, submerged density. Density of soil solids. The density of soil is defined as the mass of the soil per unit volume.  Bulk density. The bulk density …

## Water content formula of soil

Learn water content formula in a given mass of a soil  Water content formula . The water content formula w, also called the moisture content, is defined as the ratio of weight of water Ww to the weight of solids (Ws or Wd) in a given mass of soil. The water content  formula w is …

## Soil as a three phase system

A soil  as a three phase system consisting of solid particles (called soil grains), water and air. The void space between the soil grains is filled partly with water and partly with air. However, if we take a dry soil mass, the voids are filled with air only. In case of a perfectly saturated soil, …

## The Term Soil

The Term Soil The term ‘Soil’ has various meanings, depending upon the general professional field in which it is being considered. To an agriculturist, soil is the substance existing on the earth’s surface, which grows and develops plant life. To the geologist also, soil is the material in the relatively thin surface zone within which …

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